Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility - Towards Factor 10 of Automobility

von: Tomasz Janasz

Springer Gabler, 2017

ISBN: 9783658204600

Sprache: Englisch

384 Seiten, Download: 10489 KB

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Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility - Towards Factor 10 of Automobility

	Foreword	6
	Foreword	8
	Acknowledgments	10
	Abstract	12
	Table of Contents	13
	PREFACE Introduction to the Dissertation	28
	1 Sustainable Development	28
	1.1 Current State of Affairs	28
	1.1.1 Green Economy	28
	1.1.2 Substantial Change	29
	1.1.3 Sustainability as a Regulative Idea	30
	1.2 The Great Transformation	31
	1.3 Transformative Literacy	32
	2 Object of Investigation: Automobility	35
	2.1 Problem Statement	35
	2.2 The Concept of Factor Ten	39
	2.3 Transformative Literacy for the Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility	39
	2.4 Limitations	43
	PART I Factor 10 of Automobility: Undiscovered Potentials	45
	3 Part I: Introduction	45
	4 Towards a New Concept of Car Efficiency	45
	4.1 Resource Management	45
	4.2 Extending the Understanding of Car Efficiency	48
	4.3 Redefining the Notion of Car Efficiency	49
	5 Concepts for Shifting the Efficiency of Car Usage	51
	5.1 Carsharing: What is it?	51
	5.2 Ridesharing: What is it?	53
	6 Efficiency Potentials of Automobility	54
	6.1 Calculation Model for Efficiency Potentials	54
	6.1.1 Fundamental Terminology	54
	6.1.2 Carsharing: Calculation for timely synchronized rides	55
	6.1.3 Ridesharing: Calculation for higher occupancy level of a car	56
	6.2 Hypothetical Efficiency Calculations for Car- and Ridesharing	56
	6.2.1 Leisure Traffic in Switzerland	58
	6.2.1.1 Carsharing: Efficiency Potentials	60
	6.2.1.2 Ridesharing: Efficiency Potentials	61
	6.2.1.3 CIPS: Calculation with Real Data	62
	6.2.2 Work Traffic in Switzerland	64
	6.2.2.1 Ridesharing: Efficiency Potentials	66
	6.2.2.2 CIPS: Calculation with Real Data	67
	6.3 Conclusions	69
	6.4 Limitations	70
	7 On the Way to Factor 10 of Automobility	72
	7.1 Shared Autonomous Vehicles: What is it?	72
	7.2 Efficiency Potentials	73
	7.2.1 Literature	73
	7.2.2 Shared Mobility Concepts and Autonomous Vehicles	75
	7.2.3 Case Studies	76
	7.3 Analysis and Limitations	83
	7.3.1 Quality of Service	83
	7.3.2 Average Vehicle Occupancy	84
	7.3.3 Implications on Total Distance and Empty-Vehicle-Performance	84
	7.3.4 Reduction in Parking Infrastructure	85
	7.3.5 Environmental Impacts with regard to GHG Emissions and Energy Use	86
	7.3.6 Costs of the System	87
	7.3.7 Further limitations	90
	7.4 Next Steps for Further Research	90
	PART II Digital Technologies and Business Model Innovations for Urban Mobility	92
	8 Part II: Introduction	92
	8.1 Objectives	92
	8.2 Research Design and Methodology in Part II	93
	9 Literature Review	96
	9.1 Literature Review Strategy	96
	9.1.1 Areas of Interest	96
	9.1.2 Research Domains and Limitations	97
	9.1.3 Strategy for the Literature Review	98
	9.1.3.1 Literature Review via a Database	98
	9.1.3.2 Literature Review on Future-Oriented Urban Mobility	102
	9.2 Initial Literature Discussion	103
	10 Results of the Literature Review	106
	10.1 Mobility Value Chain	106
	10.2 Mobility Innovation Elements	108
	10.2.1 Automobile Innovation	110
	10.2.2 Mobility Services	111
	10.2.3 Mobility Infrastructure	113
	10.2.4 Mobility Information	113
	10.3 Digital Technology Developments for Application in Urban Mobility	116
	10.3.1 Introduction	116
	10.3.2 Digital technology: What is it?	117
	10.3.2.1 Perception Technologies	119
	10.3.2.2 Network Technologies	123
	10.3.2.3 Support/Infrastructure Technologies	125
	10.3.2.4 Application Interfaces	129
	10.3.2.5 Security and Privacy	130
	10.4 Actors of Urban Mobility	131
	10.5 Business Models for Urban Mobility	135
	10.5.1 Initial Considerations	135
	10.5.2 Outcomes from the Literature Review	137
	10.5.3 Business Model Archetypes for Urban Mobility	138
	11 Innovating and Developing Business Models for Urban Mobility	141
	11.1 Introduction	141
	11.2 Business Model Innovation	141
	11.3 Developing a Business Model Framework	141
	11.4 Business Model Patterns	145
	12 Typology of Digital Business Models for Emerging Shared Auto-mobility Services	149
	12.1 Introduction	149
	12.1.1 Focus area	149
	12.1.2 Research Methodology	150
	12.2 Prototype 1: Digital Carsharing	150
	12.2.1 Carsharing: Business Concepts	150
	12.2.2 Case Study: smexx GmbH	152
	12.2.2.1 Introduction to smexx GmbH	152
	12.2.2.2 Possible Use Cases	154
	12.2.2.3 Business Model Analysis	157
	12.2.2.4 Business Model Patterns	165
	12.2.2.5 Business Model Innovation	166
	12.2.3 Proposition: Digital Carsharing	168
	12.3 Prototype 2: Digital Ridesharing	169
	12.3.1 Ridesharing: Business Concepts	169
	12.3.2 Case Study: TwoGo® by SAP	173
	12.3.2.1 Introduction to TwoGo by SAP	173
	12.3.2.2 Possible Use Cases	176
	12.3.2.3 Business Model Analysis	180
	12.3.2.4 Business Model Patterns	191
	12.3.2.5 Business Model Innovation	192
	12.3.3 Proposition: Digital Ridesharing	194
	12.4 Further Prototypes	195
	12.4.1 Prototype 3: Automobility on Demand	196
	12.4.2 Prototype 4: Autonomous Vehicles	200
	12.4.3 Prototype 5: Shared Autonomous Automobility Services	203
	12.4.4 Prototype 6: Internet of Mobility	206
	12.5 [Excursus] The Smart Ways Project	214
	12.6 Conclusions	217
	PART III Overcoming Automobility Dependence: Policy Interventions	220
	13 Part III: Introduction	220
	14 Policies for Sustainable Mobility	221
	14.1 Introduction	221
	14.2 Push Policies	223
	14.2.1 Economics of Transport Externalities	223
	14.2.2 Command-and-Control Policies	227
	14.2.3 Incentive-Based Policies	229
	14.3 Pull Policies	231
	14.3.1 Integration of Public Transport	231
	14.3.2 Walking and Cycling	233
	14.3.3 Innovative Alternatives and Soft Policies	235
	14.3.4 Smart Policies	238
	14.4 Physical Policies	240
	14.4.1 City Design	241
	14.4.2 Car Parking Provision	243
	14.4.3 Accessibility	243
	14.4.4 Mixed-use Development	244
	14.4.5 Planning Regulations	245
	15 Sustainable Mobility in the Context of Consistency in Transport Policy	246
	15.1 Policy Combination and Integration	246
	15.2 Policy Consistency	247
	PART IV Transformative Literacy: Case Study City of Basel	252
	16 Part IV: Introduction	252
	16.1 Objectives	252
	16.2 Why City of Basel?	253
	16.3 Research Design, Methodology and Methods in Part IV	254
	17 Case Study - City of Basel	257
	17.1 Introduction	257
	17.2 City of Basel	259
	17.3 Transport Policy in Basel until 2010	261
	17.3.1 Brief history of the Mobility in Basel	261
	17.3.2 Policy Objectives until 2010	263
	17.3.2.1 Parking Policy	263
	17.3.2.2 Cycling Policy	264
	17.3.2.3 Tram Policy	264
	17.3.3 Interim Conclusions as of 2010	266
	17.4 Mobility Strategy for the Future since 2010	266
	17.4.1 City Initiative	266
	17.4.2 Template for the City of Basel	267
	17.4.3 Towards the New Vision of Transport Policy in Basel	269
	17.4.3.1 Cantonal Office of Mobility	269
	17.4.3.2 Definition of Transport Policy Objectives and Strategic Priorities	272
	17.4.4 Integrated Policy-Making for Sustainable Mobility39	274
	17.4.4.1 Conflicts and Trade-Offs	274
	17.4.4.2 Ensuring Coordination and Integration	275
	17.4.4.3 Stiig-Um	280
	17.4.4.4 Strategic Action Plan	281
	17.4.5 Monitoring, Controlling and Communication	282
	17.5 Lighthouse Cases: Future of Mobility in Basel	283
	17.5.1 Road Traffic: Case - Urban Traffic Management System	283
	17.5.2 Parking Space: Case - Parking Regime	286
	17.5.3 Walking and Cycling: Case - Commuter Fund	287
	17.5.4 Public Transport: Case - Herzstück	288
	17.5.5 Freight Transport: Case - Concept of Urban Freight Transport	289
	17.5.6 Public Road Space: Case - Concept 30 km/h Zones	290
	17.5.7 Mobility Management: Case - Basel on the Way	291
	17.5.8 Mobility Pricing	292
	18 Transformative Literacy for the Transition towards the Paradigm of Sustainable Mobility	294
	18.1 Preliminary Considerations	294
	18.1.1 Introduction	294
	18.1.2 Understanding Critical Influencing Factors	294
	18.1.3 Summary of Previous Research Results	296
	18.1.4 Conclusions for Further Investigation	298
	18.2 Transformative Literacy: Analysis of the Case - City of Basel	300
	18.2.1 Remarks regarding the analysis	300
	18.2.2 Technology	301
	18.2.3 Economy	303
	18.2.4 Society	309
	18.2.5 Politics	315
	18.3 Summary of the Case Study - City of Basel	320
	18.3.1 Recommendations from the Case Study	320
	18.3.2 Final Conclusions	322
	19 Framework for Integrated Sustainable Urban Mobility	326
	19.1 Towards an Integrated Framework of Sustainable Mobility	326
	19.2 Framework Development	326
	19.2.1 The Concept of Efficiency in Mobility	327
	19.2.2 The Concept of Sufficiency in Mobility	328
	19.2.3 The Concept of Consistency in Mobility	330
	19.2.3.1 Background	330
	19.2.3.2 Developing of Consistency in Mobility	332
	19.2.3.3 The Concept of Consistency in Sustainable Mobility	335
	19.3 Framework for Integrated Sustainable Urban Mobility	338
	19.4 Summary	340
	PART V Conclusions and Further Research	342
	20 Summary of the Dissertation	342
	21 Conclusions	344
	22 Further Research	351
	Publication Bibliography	355

Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility - Towards Factor 10 of Automobility

von: Tomasz Janasz

Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility - Towards Factor 10 of Automobility

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